Gambling is a complex pastime that comes with both positive and negative impacts. On the one hand, it brings in a lot of money for communities and provides people with fun entertainment. On the other, it can result in addiction and financial struggles when not done responsibly. The good news is that gambling also supports many jobs, from customer service and security to marketing and hospitality positions.

Regardless of whether you’re betting on the outcome of a football match, playing a scratchcard or online poker, gambling is always a risky activity. In order to win, you must risk something of value and the odds (which are determined by the gaming company) must be matched with that chance of winning.

When it comes to gambling, the most common negative impacts involve harms to people’s physical and mental health, relationships and performance at work or study. It can even lead to bankruptcy or homelessness. People suffering from problem gambling often experience high levels of stress, depression and anxiety and may have trouble concentrating on other activities. Their family, friends and colleagues can be affected too.

Studies of gambling’s social impacts have been limited and often focus on problems only. This narrow approach excludes other potential harms and is a serious limitation to current knowledge. These types of research are urgently needed, because ignoring the wider impact of gambling can lead to an inaccurate view of its true value and consequences. The impacts of gambling can be seen at three different levels – personal, interpersonal and community/society.